Events In Alv Reports In Sap Abap

Sap offers a range of ALV (ABAP LIST VIEWER) function modules that can be utilized to enhance the appearance and functionality of report outputs. These ALV functions aim to improve the readability and usability of any report output.

ALV is an acronym for ABAP List Viewer, which offers a predefined list format and user interface for ABAP reports. SAP provides a collection of standard function modules to create ALV.

What Are The Applications of ALV Reports?

There are three methods available to create a field catalog.

Events in ALV reports in SAP ABAP can be triggered automatically by utilizing a Data Dictionary structure.

By combining the two procedures mentioned above, it is possible to achieve a semi-automated process.

Create a table inside the program with the structure SLIS_T_FIELDCAT_ALV.

Use the function module REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE to make a call.

What Are the Events in ALV Reports in SAP ABAP?

To utilize ALV in your SAP ABAP code, it is necessary to include the command TYPE-POOLS: SLIS at the start of your program.

Q5. What is the Definition of Default Variant for ALV in SAP ABAP?

The default variant for list display can be set by the user through programming.

The default variant can be found using the function module ‘REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_DEFAULT_GET’.

Q6. What Is The Events Table In Alv?

The event table (I_EVENTS) is filled with a list of potential events when it is passed through the function module REUSE_ALV_EVENT_NAMES_GET. The result table from this function module includes all the available events.

Q7. What Are the Available Layout Parameter Options in ALV Reports?

– Errors

– Summaries

– User engagement

– Detailed view

– Custom display options (only for lists with a hierarchical structure)

– Visual enhancements

– Additional features

What are the Sort Internal Table Options in ALV?

The internal table consists of the following fields.

– Sops: Represents the sort sequence.

– Fieldname: Refers to the name of a field in an internal output table.

– Tab name: This is only applicable for hierarchical-sequential lists and indicates the name of the internal output table.

Q10. What are the output values of function modules used in ALV reports?

E_EXIT_CAUSED_BY_CALLER: Remove the list in CALLBACK_USER_COMMAND.

ES_EXIT_CAUSED_BY_USER: How the user exited the list tables.

T_OUTTAB: Mandatory table containing the data to be shown on display.

Events in ALV Reports in SAP ABAP

1. Reports that allow user interaction

2. Traditional reports

In traditional reports, the results are displayed in a single list, whereas in interactive reports, the results can be viewed in multiple lists.

What are Classical Reports in SAP ABAP?

These reports are considered to be the most basic ones and are usually the first ones that programmers learn. They involve generating output by using the Write statement within a loop.

Classical reports are standard reports that do not contain any sub-reports. They have only one screen or list for displaying the output.

INTIALIZATION: This event occurs prior to the display of the selection screen.

AT-SELECTION-SCREEN: This event occurs once the user has entered their input on the selection screen but before it becomes inactive.

The “START OF SELECTION” event occurs after the selection screen has been processed.

The END-OF-SELECTION event is specifically used for Logical Database Reporting in SAP ABAP.

Q13. What Are Interactive Reports in SAP ABAP?

The user has the ability to engage with the report and explore the data in more detail through a drill-down feature.

In SAP ABAP, it is possible to have a primary list that starts with the number 0, along with an additional 20 secondary lists numbered from 1 to 21.

Events in SAP ABAP ALV Reports

The HIDE statement is used to store the information that will be shown in the secondary list.

sy-lsind stores the level of the report, ranging from 0 to 21.

When we double click on a line in the list, the AT LINE-SELECTION event is triggered. This event generates a new sub list and displays any statements returned under this event on the newly generated sub list.

AT USER-COMMAND: This statement allows for the inclusion of user-defined function keys.

The TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION event is used to define the top of the page for a secondary list in SAP ABAP.

Q14. What are the different types of tables in the Data Dictionary and their names?

– Table without any technical settings

– Cluster table that stores data in a compressed format

– Pooled table used for storing frequently accessed data

The pricing tables in SAP ABAP typically begin with the letter A, followed by a series of numbers such as A001, A002, and so on.

Q17. What Is The Distinction Between Client-Specific and Client-Independent Tables?

In SAP ABAP, the presence of MANDT as the first field in a table determines whether it is client dependent or not. Typically, most tables are client dependent, meaning they store data specific to each client. However, there are a few exceptions such as RFC Connections table (RFCDES) and Batch Jobs (TBTCO and TBTCP), which are not tied to any particular client.

Q18. What Is The Difference Between At Selection Screen And At Selection Screen Output?

AT SELECTION-SCREEN OUTPUT is similar to the Process Before Output Event in SAP ABAP. It occurs before the screen is shown and can be utilized to control the visibility of fields based on user selection.

When you press any key (such as Enter, Drop-Down, Help, Execute) after the selection screen appears, the AT SELECTION-SCREEN event is activated.

Q19. What is the distinction between Clear and Refresh?

How to Obtain Default Values in the Selection Screen of Alv Reports in SAP ABAP

To customize the ALV Report, you can create a variant that includes the desired columns, sorting criteria, and column widths. This variant can then be saved as the default setting for future use.

To obtain the default variant, you can use the function module REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_DEFAULT_GET.

Q21. How to Create a Custom Table in SAP ABAP?

To establish the necessary Domains and Data elements, utilize transaction code SE11 in SAP ABAP.

Please ensure that you fill in all the required fields, with MANDT being the first field. Each field should have appropriate data elements or Built-in Types assigned to them.

Ensure that you choose the Primary Key for this table.

How to Enable Hotspot for a Field in ALV Reports?

You can indicate that a field is a hotspot by setting the HOTSPOT property to X in the Field Catalog table.

What is the purpose of reuse_alv_fieldcatalog_merge?

By utilizing this function module, it is possible to obtain the Field catalog for a specified Internal table or DD Structure. Once acquired, modifications can be made to the properties of individual fields.

Q24. What Is Significance Of Hide?

In SAP ABAP, when using Interactive reports, the HIDE statement is used to store the value of a field for a specific line. If the user interacts with that line by clicking on something, those stored values are automatically filled into hidden fields.

Q25. What Is The Distinction Between Select Single And Select Up To One Row?

Ans: SELECT SINGLE can be used if you know the full key to select a record. If you do not have the full Key to select and you are interested in one single row, you could use SELECT UPTO 1 ROWS. If you use a SELECT SINGLE without a full key, you would get a warning message in Extended Program checks.

If you are only interested in retrieving a single row and do not have the complete key for selection, you can utilize the SELECT UPTO 1 ROWS statement.

Q26. What Does the Secondary Index Refer to?

By default, a Primary Index is automatically created for the Primary Key of a table. Any additional index created for the same table is known as a Secondary Index. The purpose of creating Secondary Indexes is to enhance the performance of SELECT statements.

Q27. How to Generate Secondary Index in SAP ABAP?

To modify a table in SAP ABAP, access the SE11 transaction and enter the name of the table. Then, select the option to make changes to it.

To create a secondary index, go to the Indexes section and choose the desired fields. It is advisable to include MANDT as the first field unless there is a specific reason not to do so.

What is the order of events in report programming?

In the context of report loading, the initialization event is triggered when the report is loaded into memory. Prior to being displayed, the selection-screen output event occurs when the selection screen is also loaded into memory. The at selection-screen event takes place before leaving the selection screen. Lastly, for displaying the report, the start-of-selection event serves as its first trigger.

List:

1. Initialization: Occurs when loading a report into memory.

2. Selection-Screen Output: Takes place before displaying the selection screen after it has been loaded in memory.

3. At Selection-Screen: Happens prior to leaving the selection screen.

4. Start-of-Selection: Serves as an initial trigger for displaying a report.

Q28. How to Alter a Table?

In SAP ABAP, there are two ways to make changes to a record: by using the MODIFY statement or the UPDATE statement.

What are the occurrences mentioned in reports?

The program begins with a load and initialization process. This is followed by actions taken at the selection screen, such as displaying output and handling user input on fields, value requests, and help requests. Once all the necessary selections have been made, the program moves to the start of the selection phase. Here, further actions can be performed based on these selections.

For example:

– In the load-of-program section, you can initialize global variables or perform any initial setup required before executing other parts of your program.

– The initialization section can be used to set default values for input parameters or validate them if needed.

– At Selection-Screen output section provides an opportunity to display information or messages that are relevant to users before they make their selections.

By following this structured approach while coding in ABAP or any other programming language within SAP systems like S/4HANA or ECC6.0 (commonly used in India), you ensure that your programs are well organized and easy to understand by both developers working on it later as well as end-users interacting with it during runtime.

Remember that proper commenting throughout your code is also essential so that others can easily understand what each section does without having to go through every line of code meticulously.

Q29. What are ABAP Memory and SAP Memory, and how to utilize them?

ABAP memory is a designated area of memory that can be accessed by all ABAP programs within the same internal session. This access is made possible through the use of EXPORT and IMPORT statements.

SAP memory is a designated area of memory that can be accessed by all primary sessions in SAPgui. It serves as a means to transfer data between programs within the same session or across different sessions. When utilizing SAP memory, application programs are required to utilize SPA/GPA parameters, which are also referred to as SET/GET parameters.

The Purpose of Utilizing Events in ABAP

Hello! Hello Pankaj, an EVENT in a CLASS is a type of sender that broadcasts information when a specific event occurs (such as the creation of new material). When an EVENT is triggered, it raises the corresponding HANDLER(S) based on the event.

1. An EVENT in a CLASS acts as a broadcasting sender.

2. It is triggered when certain events occur, such as creating new material.

3. The occurrence of an event causes the corresponding HANDLER(S) to be activated.

Events Triggered in SAP ABAP ALV Reports

The TOP-OF-PAGE event is activated whenever the program encounters its first ULINE, WRITE, or SKIP statement.

What are the different types of ALV reports available?

In SAP ABAP, there are three types of ALV Reports that you can create. The first type is a Simple ALV Report. This report displays data in a tabular format with basic features like sorting and filtering. It is useful when you need to present information in a straightforward manner.

The second type is a Blocked ALV Report. This report allows you to group related data together using blocks or sections. It provides better organization and clarity when presenting complex data sets with multiple levels of grouping.

The third type is a Hierarchical ALV Report. This report enables you to display data in a hierarchical structure, similar to an organizational chart or tree view. It is beneficial when dealing with nested or parent-child relationships within the data.

Q31. What Is The Difference Between Skip And Reserve?

SKIP is used to create empty space between lines, while RESERVE is used to force a page break on the current page if there are fewer lines remaining until the page footer than the specified number in the RESERVE statement.

Events in SAP ABAP ALV Reports: A Comprehensive Overview

SKIP creates an empty line, whereas NEW-LINE moves the control to the next line.

Certainly. You can utilize the TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION event to achieve this functionality in SAP ABAP reports.

Q34. What Are Oss Notes?

Just for an example if you face any error in your system. Then there is error number associated with the error. Then you can search for the OSS not for the error number, and the note will give you possible solution to your problem.

Q35. How to Transfer Data from One Internal Table to Another in SAP ABAP?

Instead of using a loop and the APPEND function to copy data from one internal table (ITAB) to another, which is not efficient, we can use an alternative method.

Q36. How to Validate Input Values in Selection Screen and Identify the Fired Event?

The “at selection-screen” event is utilized to validate the input fields on the selection screen. If there is a need to validate a specific input field, we can use the “at selection-screen on” event.

The AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON event is utilized for validating the input provided by users.

Q37. What Is The Distinction Between Data Element And Domain?

A data element is a combination of a domain and a brief description, while a domain is composed of the datatype and length.

The domain in SAP ABAP consists of technical attributes such as data type and size, while the data element includes both technical attributes and semantic attributes like field description.

An internal table with a header line refers to when the name of the work area is also used as the name for the internal table. On the other hand, an internal table without a header line means that the name of the work area and the name of the internal table are different.

It is not necessary to create a work area for an internal table with a header. However, it is not recommended because it can confuse the user as both the work area and internal table will have the same names.

Q39. What is the initial event triggered in an SAP ABAP report?

Ans: Load of program is the first triggering event in the classical reports, where as abaper point of view initialization is the first triggering event.

The LOAD-OF-PROGRAM event is internally activated within the SAP system, followed by the triggering of the INITIALIZATION event.

Q40. What Does Binary Search Entail?

Binary search is an efficient algorithm used for searching data by dividing it into two parts and starting the search from one of those parts. Unlike linear search where data is searched sequentially, binary search offers a more effective approach.

Binary search is a more efficient method than linear search for retrieving data from an internal table. It allows for faster and more effective retrieval of information.

How to Fit 14 Columns in a Single Page while Printing

In SAP ABAP, events in ALV reports are not necessary for executing the output. If we include the “start-of-selection” event, it is not mandatory to use the “end-of-selection” event. The purpose of using “end-of-selection” is to execute certain output even if there are exceptions that cause the skipping of “start-of-selection”.

There is no obligatory event in the report program, but if we do not explicitly specify any event, the system will automatically begin with the start of selection event. When performing database selections, it is recommended to utilize the end-of-selection event for better practice.

What Does Transaction Code SM 31 Stand For?

SM30 is a function in SAP ABAP that allows users to access and modify the views and maintenance of tables within the system.

Q44. What Do Text Elements Refer To?

Text elements are a helpful tool in SAP ABAP programming that simplifies the process of maintaining program texts in various languages. They are primarily utilized for managing list headers and selection texts within programs, ensuring ease of maintenance and localization.

Q45. Explain Check Table And Value Table?

The check table operates at the level of a specific table, while the value table operates at the level of a domain.

A check table is essentially a main table that you create with a specific range of valid values.

The value table offers a collection of values that can be used as a reference when establishing a foreign key relationship, automatically suggesting it as a check table during the process.

Q46. What are the Different Types of Standard Internal Tables?

STANDARD TABLE: The key is, by default, set to NON-UNIQUE. You may not use the UNIQUE addition.

SORTED TABLE: Unlike standard tables, sorted table have no default setting for the uniqueness attribute. If you do not specify either UNIQUE or NON-UNIQUE, the system defines a generic table type, where uniqueness is irrelevant. You can use generic types to specify the type of generic subroutine parameters.

HASHED TABLE: Hashed tables have no default setting. You must use the UNIQUE addition with hashed tables. You may not use NON-UNIQUE.

What Does Refreshing in an Internal Table Mean?

Ans: ‘Refresh’ is the keyword which clears the contents of an internal table body.

Q48. What Differentiates Collect from Sum in SAP ABAP?

COLLECT enables the creation of distinct or condensed datasets. Initially, the system attempts to locate a table entry that matches the table key. The values for the key are derived from either the header line of an internal table called itab or from a specified work area.

In case the system locates a record, any numeric fields that are not included in the table key (as defined by ABAP number types) will be combined with the total sum of existing records. However, if no record is found, the system will generate a new entry instead.

Q49. How Can Tables be Created in SAP ABAP?

1. Approach from the top

2. Approach from the bottom

What Does a Stacked List Signify?

The stacked list, also known as the secondary list, is displayed on the entire screen if we do not specify its coordinates in the command window.

When is the appropriate moment to employ the “GET CURSOR” command in interactive lists?

The GET CURSOR command is used when there is insufficient hidden information to track the chosen line.

Q52. How Do We Describe Start –of-selection And End-of-selection?

The beginning and end of the main processing logic in ABAP/4 applications are handled by default. The statements from START-OF-SELECTION to END-OF-SELECTION are automatically executed without the need for an explicit END-OF-SELECTION statement. By default, all procedural statements in ABAP applications rely on the START-OF-SELECTION event.

SAP ABAP ALV REPORTS Interview Questions and Answers is a collection of commonly asked questions and their corresponding answers related to SAP ABAP ALV reports. The text provides valuable insights into the topic, allowing readers to enhance their understanding of this subject matter.

Understanding the order of events

A sequence of events refers to a series of occurrences or happenings that follow each other in a specific order. It is like a chain reaction, where one event leads to another and so on. For example, if we talk about the sequence of events leading up to a murder, it means examining the different actions or incidents that occurred before the crime took place.

In simpler terms, imagine you are telling a story and you want to describe how things unfolded step by step. You would mention each event in the order they happened – this is what we call a sequence of events. It helps us understand the timeline and connections between different occurrences.

1. Order: A sequence implies that there is an established order or arrangement among the events. They occur one after another without any gaps or interruptions.

2. Cause and Effect: Each event in the sequence has some influence on what follows next; there is often a cause-and-effect relationship between them.

3. Importance: Understanding the sequence of events allows us to analyze their significance and impact on subsequent outcomes or situations.

By recognizing and studying sequences of events, we can gain insights into various processes such as historical developments, scientific experiments, storytelling techniques, problem-solving strategies, and much more.

The sequence of events in the ABAP program

The initialization event is triggered when the report program starts executing. It is commonly used to initialize variables or set default values before any other processing takes place. This event ensures that all necessary preparations are made before fetching data or performing calculations.

At line-selection event occurs when a user selects a row on the ALV grid display. This event allows developers to capture user interactions and implement custom logic based on their selection. It provides flexibility in responding to user actions such as displaying detailed information or navigating to another screen.

Start-of-selection event marks the beginning of data retrieval from database tables or internal tables for populating the ALV grid display. Developers can use this event to fetch required data using SELECT statements, perform complex calculations, apply filters, or manipulate data structures as per business requirements.

Top-of-page and top-of-page during events enable developers to define header sections within an ALV report output. These sections typically contain titles, company logos, page numbers, date/time stamps, and other relevant information for better presentation and readability of the report output.

What is the number of event categories?

Event types can be categorized into three main categories: corporate, private, and charity. Corporate events primarily revolve around businesses and their customers. These events are designed to promote networking opportunities, showcase products or services, and enhance brand visibility. They often include conferences, trade shows, product launches, seminars, and business meetings.

On the other hand, private events are more recreational in nature and focus on personal celebrations such as weddings, birthdays, anniversaries, or family gatherings. These events provide an opportunity for individuals to celebrate special moments with their loved ones in a more intimate setting.

Charity events serve a noble purpose by raising funds or awareness for various social causes. These events aim to make a positive impact on society by supporting charitable organizations or addressing specific issues like poverty alleviation, education initiatives, healthcare campaigns etc. Examples of charity events include galas/charity balls auctions fundraisers marathons walkathons etc.

Events and Examples: What are They?

An event is a planned and organized occasion that brings people together for various purposes, such as socializing or participating in sports. It can be a gathering of friends, a celebration, or even a competition. One example of an event is a sports match where athletes compete against each other to showcase their skills and determine the winner.

In India, events play an important role in bringing communities together and fostering unity among its diverse population. Major sporting events like cricket matches, football tournaments, and athletic competitions are highly popular and draw large crowds of enthusiastic spectators. These events not only provide entertainment but also promote team spirit and national pride.

How is an event report structured?

What is the Format of an Event Report? An event report should be divided into three parts, i.e., introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction should include highlights of the events along with the aim of the event report. The body should cover relevant statistics along with the analysis of the data.

ABAP Event Sequence

Once data selection is complete, the end-of-selection event occurs. At this point, you can perform additional calculations or manipulations on retrieved data before it gets displayed on screen through an ALV grid control. You may also use this event to modify internal tables for further processing if required.

Katy